March 4, 2018 NOTES NOT EDITED
Spirit Walkers: The Logic Behind It
Spirit Walkers: The Logic Behind It
Galatians 3:10-18
In generations past one of the standard classes in public education was the study of logic. Logic can be defined simply as the “art of right thinking.” Logic helps us “connect the dots” in life.
I remember a pastor telling the story about a incident he had during children’s time in a Sunday morning service. The preacher was telling the children the story of Lot’s wife who looked back as she left the burning cities of Sodom and Gomorrah and turned into a pillar of salt. One little boy quickly connected the dots and said, “That happened to my Mama once when she was driving. She looked back and turned into a telephone pole!”
Not everyone uses logic to connect the dots properly.
Paul introduced us to the doctrine of justification in chapters one and two. In chapter three Paul begins to give a series of sermons defending the doctrine of justification by grace alone through faith alone. In the first sermon, Paul reminded us that our justification, or salvation, comes through a supernatural EXPERIENCE not of our own making or choosing. In the second sermon Paul defends the doctrine of justification by grace alone apart from the keeping of the Law by giving us the EXAMPLE of Abraham. This morning, we have a third sermon from Paul defending the doctrine of justification by grace alone apart from keeping the Law through an academic EXPOSITION of the LOGIC of salvation by grace.
LET’S READ THAT PASSAGE TOGETHER. Gal. 3:10-18.
In this sermon Paul defends the doctrine of justification by grace alone through faith alone apart from keeping the Law by show the “Logic of Grace and the Legality of Grace.”
1. First, the LOGIC OF GRACE (10-14)
In this sermon, Paul lays a logical block in
the foundation of his defense of the
doctrine of justification by grace alone through faith alone. Paul presents a very well-constructed
exposition of the doctrine of salvation demonstrating that the biblical
doctrine of justification rests on a solid, reasonable foundation.
There is a debate among Christian thinkers of how much of the influence of classical philosophers, especially Plato, shows up in the writings of the Apostle Paul. I don’t think there is any real argument against the proposition that Paul always presents his arguments from a thoroughly Jewish perspective. He says of Himself, “I am a Hebrew born of Hebrews (Phil. 3:5).” However, Paul also lived and wrote thoroughly immersed in the language of the day, which was Greek. All language carries with it the vestiges of the culture from within which the language was developed. Language is a conduit of not only for “communicating words,” but culture. We are what we speak!
Paul also pointed out well he was trained as a philosopher under the great teacher, Gamaliel (Acts 22:3). Paul also demonstrated a mastery of Greek thought when he confronted the Greek philosophers at Mars Hill in Athens, even quoting from their own prophets (Acts 17:22-31). It is inconceivable that a man as learned as Paul would not be knowledgeable in the work of great Greek thinkers like Plato and Aristotle, Plato’s chief student.
Aristotle is considered the Father of Logic, though he states logic is simply a way of thinking necessary for order and harmony in the interactions of culture. Aristotle simply gave it a “codified” form. There are many other forms of logic now, besides Aristotelian logic.
I hope you will forgive me this detour into the dusty shelves of academia to pull down a book of logic. However, it is important for Christians to note that the Bible is logical and reasonable in its approach to life. Something cannot be true and at the same time be unreasonable and illogical.
The basic foundation for Aristotelian logic is the syllogism. It consists of two premises and a conclusion. Some of you that were fortunate enough to be forced to take logic are aware of the standard example of a deductive syllogism:
All men are mortal. Socrates is a man. Therefore Socrates is mortal.
This is the most basic form. There are 256 ways to formulate a syllogism. Aristotle worked out that only 14 (some scholars say 15) are valid. That means the conclusion reasonably and properly follows the two premises. The ancients gave each of these forms a nickname that contained a code to describe the valid syllogisms. (The Socrates example above is referred to as a Barbara figure syllogism).
Look how Paul lays out the logical argument for justification in verses 10 and 11:
10 For all who rely on the works of the law are under a curse, because it is written: Everyone who does not continue doing everything written in the book of the law is cursed. f 11 Now it is clear that no one is justified before God by the law, because the righteous will live by faith.
Paul pulls from the O.T. (Deu. 27:26; Hab. 2:4) to develop an argument for the “logic of grace.” He argument can be stated using the logically valid form called, Camestres, which is an A-E-E, Figure 2, valid form. It goes like this:
(A) All those living by the Law are under a curse.
(E) No Christian living by faith is under a curse.
(E) Because, no Christian is living under the Law.
Paul’s argument is not only true in each premise, but the conclusion is rock solid and valid according to the rules of logic.
Now, I share this with you not to impress you with my academic prowess (I had to review a lot of books on logic for this sermon), but to assure you that the gospel of Jesus Christ, that is justification by grace alone, rests on a solid, reasonable, logical foundation.
Many people attack Christian theology as being “unreasonable” or even a fantasy fit only for small children, much like the story of Santa Claus or the Easter Bunny. I assure you, the Bible, though certainly fit for children with a gospel message even a child can grasp, the Bible is also a deep reservoir of truth that can crush the audacious presumptions of the most prestigious philosophers. Somewhere in my academic travels a professor said this about the message of the Bible: The Bible’s message is shallow enough to allow children to wade in it safely, but deep enough to float the mightiest ships.”
Never forget that the gospel of Jesus Christ, that is justification through grace alone, rests on a solid, reasonable, and logical foundation.
[Paul’s Explanation of His Logic]
There is a debate among Christian thinkers of how much of the influence of classical philosophers, especially Plato, shows up in the writings of the Apostle Paul. I don’t think there is any real argument against the proposition that Paul always presents his arguments from a thoroughly Jewish perspective. He says of Himself, “I am a Hebrew born of Hebrews (Phil. 3:5).” However, Paul also lived and wrote thoroughly immersed in the language of the day, which was Greek. All language carries with it the vestiges of the culture from within which the language was developed. Language is a conduit of not only for “communicating words,” but culture. We are what we speak!
Paul also pointed out well he was trained as a philosopher under the great teacher, Gamaliel (Acts 22:3). Paul also demonstrated a mastery of Greek thought when he confronted the Greek philosophers at Mars Hill in Athens, even quoting from their own prophets (Acts 17:22-31). It is inconceivable that a man as learned as Paul would not be knowledgeable in the work of great Greek thinkers like Plato and Aristotle, Plato’s chief student.
Aristotle is considered the Father of Logic, though he states logic is simply a way of thinking necessary for order and harmony in the interactions of culture. Aristotle simply gave it a “codified” form. There are many other forms of logic now, besides Aristotelian logic.
I hope you will forgive me this detour into the dusty shelves of academia to pull down a book of logic. However, it is important for Christians to note that the Bible is logical and reasonable in its approach to life. Something cannot be true and at the same time be unreasonable and illogical.
The basic foundation for Aristotelian logic is the syllogism. It consists of two premises and a conclusion. Some of you that were fortunate enough to be forced to take logic are aware of the standard example of a deductive syllogism:
All men are mortal. Socrates is a man. Therefore Socrates is mortal.
This is the most basic form. There are 256 ways to formulate a syllogism. Aristotle worked out that only 14 (some scholars say 15) are valid. That means the conclusion reasonably and properly follows the two premises. The ancients gave each of these forms a nickname that contained a code to describe the valid syllogisms. (The Socrates example above is referred to as a Barbara figure syllogism).
Look how Paul lays out the logical argument for justification in verses 10 and 11:
10 For all who rely on the works of the law are under a curse, because it is written: Everyone who does not continue doing everything written in the book of the law is cursed. f 11 Now it is clear that no one is justified before God by the law, because the righteous will live by faith.
Paul pulls from the O.T. (Deu. 27:26; Hab. 2:4) to develop an argument for the “logic of grace.” He argument can be stated using the logically valid form called, Camestres, which is an A-E-E, Figure 2, valid form. It goes like this:
(A) All those living by the Law are under a curse.
(E) No Christian living by faith is under a curse.
(E) Because, no Christian is living under the Law.
Paul’s argument is not only true in each premise, but the conclusion is rock solid and valid according to the rules of logic.
Now, I share this with you not to impress you with my academic prowess (I had to review a lot of books on logic for this sermon), but to assure you that the gospel of Jesus Christ, that is justification by grace alone, rests on a solid, reasonable, logical foundation.
Many people attack Christian theology as being “unreasonable” or even a fantasy fit only for small children, much like the story of Santa Claus or the Easter Bunny. I assure you, the Bible, though certainly fit for children with a gospel message even a child can grasp, the Bible is also a deep reservoir of truth that can crush the audacious presumptions of the most prestigious philosophers. Somewhere in my academic travels a professor said this about the message of the Bible: The Bible’s message is shallow enough to allow children to wade in it safely, but deep enough to float the mightiest ships.”
Never forget that the gospel of Jesus Christ, that is justification through grace alone, rests on a solid, reasonable, and logical foundation.
[Paul’s Explanation of His Logic]
Paul continues his exposition on
the “logic and reasonableness” of the gospel by expounding on the basic
elements of his argument: the curse; the
contrast between the Law and faith; and the conclusion that must be logically
drawn in regard to justification by grace alone apart from the Law.
(1) Paul points out that living by the Law brings a CURSE (v10)
(1) Paul points out that living by the Law brings a CURSE (v10)
In formulating his defense of the
doctrine of justification by grace alone, Paul draws upon a verse from Deu. 27:
26 ‘Anyone who does not put
the words of this law into practice is cursed.’
In Deuteronomy chapter 27, Moses outlines about twelve “curses” associated with various behaviors that the Israelites had participated in, and would participate in in their future. The Law prohibited these behaviors, but it could not “prevent” them. There are TWO FLAWS In Living By the Law” that the Judaizers failed to warn people about.
First, the “requirement” for justification through the Law, would require “one hundred percent” perfect obedience. As the history of the Israelites—and the O.T. in general—demonstrated, this had never happened and, in fact, WOULD NEVER happen, because it COULD NEVER happen. A second flaw in living by the Law is that, based upon the one hundred percent requirement for obedience which could never be met, the Law only could bring judgement not justification.
When we give our traditions the force of the Law—like singing a certain way, attending church at certain time, or any other tradition—we bring “cursing, not blessing upon our lives.”Living by the Law would always bring a “curse.”
This leads Paul to show the
(2) CONTRAST between living by the law and living by faith (11)
In Deuteronomy chapter 27, Moses outlines about twelve “curses” associated with various behaviors that the Israelites had participated in, and would participate in in their future. The Law prohibited these behaviors, but it could not “prevent” them. There are TWO FLAWS In Living By the Law” that the Judaizers failed to warn people about.
First, the “requirement” for justification through the Law, would require “one hundred percent” perfect obedience. As the history of the Israelites—and the O.T. in general—demonstrated, this had never happened and, in fact, WOULD NEVER happen, because it COULD NEVER happen. A second flaw in living by the Law is that, based upon the one hundred percent requirement for obedience which could never be met, the Law only could bring judgement not justification.
When we give our traditions the force of the Law—like singing a certain way, attending church at certain time, or any other tradition—we bring “cursing, not blessing upon our lives.”Living by the Law would always bring a “curse.”
This leads Paul to show the
(2) CONTRAST between living by the law and living by faith (11)
11 Now it is clear that no
one is justified before God by the law, because the righteous will live by
faith.
Drawing upon the prophecies of
Habakkuk, Paul clearly puts a doctrinal divide between the idea of salvation by
works and salvation by grace alone through faith alone (This verse is quoted
three times in the N.T.-here, Rom. 1:17; Heb. 10:38).
The contrast is not simply between different choices in “how to be saved.” It is also a contrast between the quality of life under Law and life under faith. “The just-or righteous-shall LIVE by faith.” The emphasis not only on faith, but on “living.” Living versus “what?” Those who put their trust in their own human efforts will not only be frustrated “eternally,” but they will live defeated, frustrated lives here and now. So much of our lives are beyond our control. We think science can fix anything. We think doctors can fix our diseases. We think politicians can fix our national distresses. We think educators can fix our characters. We think “mankind” can give us a heavenly quality of life without inviting heaven’s King into our lives. Paul says, “No!” Real life comes not from trusting our own efforts, but from “living by faith.”
(3) Paul comes to a final CONCLUSION in regard to faith:
12 But the law is not based on faith; instead, the one who does these things will live by them. 13 Christ has redeemed us from the curse of the law by becoming a curse for us, because it is written: Everyone who is hung on a tree is cursed. 14 The purpose was that the blessing of Abraham would come to the Gentiles by Christ Jesus, so that we could receive the promised Spirit through faith.
The contrast is not simply between different choices in “how to be saved.” It is also a contrast between the quality of life under Law and life under faith. “The just-or righteous-shall LIVE by faith.” The emphasis not only on faith, but on “living.” Living versus “what?” Those who put their trust in their own human efforts will not only be frustrated “eternally,” but they will live defeated, frustrated lives here and now. So much of our lives are beyond our control. We think science can fix anything. We think doctors can fix our diseases. We think politicians can fix our national distresses. We think educators can fix our characters. We think “mankind” can give us a heavenly quality of life without inviting heaven’s King into our lives. Paul says, “No!” Real life comes not from trusting our own efforts, but from “living by faith.”
(3) Paul comes to a final CONCLUSION in regard to faith:
12 But the law is not based on faith; instead, the one who does these things will live by them. 13 Christ has redeemed us from the curse of the law by becoming a curse for us, because it is written: Everyone who is hung on a tree is cursed. 14 The purpose was that the blessing of Abraham would come to the Gentiles by Christ Jesus, so that we could receive the promised Spirit through faith.
Paul once again dips into the O.T.
Scriptures to Leviticus 18:5:
Keep My statutes and ordinances;
a person will live if he does them.
I am Yahweh.
The Law says, “Do, Do, Do.” Grace says, “Done!”
The Law says, “Do, Do, Do.” Grace says, “Done!”
Paul’s conclusion in regard to the logic of faith can be summed up in a comparison between two
words: “do,” or “done.” One can live by the Law, which nobody but
Jesus has done or could do, which means such a person will receive, “judgment,
not justification,” because that is the purpose of the Law. The logic of grace says this will bring only
a curse.
Or, one can live by faith and trust, not in what we “do” but by what Christ has DONE. Jesus already accepted the curse of the Law on our behalf when He was crucified on the cross.
Do or Done? Curse or Blessing. That’s the logic of grace.
Paul does not end his exposition on the logic of grace at this point, but expands it to discuss logical consequences of a legal contract, or covenant.
2. The LEGALITY OF THE COVENANT OF GRACE (15-18)
Or, one can live by faith and trust, not in what we “do” but by what Christ has DONE. Jesus already accepted the curse of the Law on our behalf when He was crucified on the cross.
Do or Done? Curse or Blessing. That’s the logic of grace.
Paul does not end his exposition on the logic of grace at this point, but expands it to discuss logical consequences of a legal contract, or covenant.
2. The LEGALITY OF THE COVENANT OF GRACE (15-18)
(1) Paul describes the
covenant PRINCIPLE.
15 Brothers, I’m using a
human illustration. No one sets aside or
makes additions to even a human covenant that has been ratified.
The primary problem with the idea of
“salvation by good works” is that nobody ever knows if
they have done enough good works or not.
Also, when our salvation is dependent upon how we feel or how we act, it
can change from day to day, moment to moment.
We can get “caught up in the emotions” of worship on Sunday morning, and
we feel . . . well, really saved! Then
we can have a cussing fit with an unreasonable boss on Monday and we feel . . .
well, not so saved.
Salvation based upon our human efforts is transient and fluctuating. It has no permanence. What Paul is saying here in verse 15 is: God made a contract with you and it had been ratified (that is, validated) by God’s own signature, signed in the blood of His own Son. Nothing can change it!
The word ratified (validated, ESV; duly established, NIV) translates the Greek word, kekurōmenēn (κεκυρωμένην). The important aspect of this word is it’s form. It is in the passive voice. It is something done for us, not by us. More importantly, it is in the perfect tense. This is a special tense, selectively used in the N.T. to designate an action that has taken place, but the affects of which continue on forever! The covenant principle demonstrates the permanency of justification by grace alone through faith alone.
(2) Paul goes on to expound on the Covenant PROMISE (16-18)
Salvation based upon our human efforts is transient and fluctuating. It has no permanence. What Paul is saying here in verse 15 is: God made a contract with you and it had been ratified (that is, validated) by God’s own signature, signed in the blood of His own Son. Nothing can change it!
The word ratified (validated, ESV; duly established, NIV) translates the Greek word, kekurōmenēn (κεκυρωμένην). The important aspect of this word is it’s form. It is in the passive voice. It is something done for us, not by us. More importantly, it is in the perfect tense. This is a special tense, selectively used in the N.T. to designate an action that has taken place, but the affects of which continue on forever! The covenant principle demonstrates the permanency of justification by grace alone through faith alone.
(2) Paul goes on to expound on the Covenant PROMISE (16-18)
First, Paul
addresses the GOAL of God’s covenant of grace (16):
16 Now the promises were spoken to Abraham and to his seed. He does not say “and to seeds,” as though referring to many, but referring to one, and to your seed, who is Christ.
16 Now the promises were spoken to Abraham and to his seed. He does not say “and to seeds,” as though referring to many, but referring to one, and to your seed, who is Christ.
We have already discussed in a
previous sermon that the purpose for which God saved us is to be a blessing to
others and to be blessed.
If you go back and read God’s promise to Abraham in Genesis 12, you will discover just how glorious and wonderful God’s promises to His children really are.
God promises to Abraham, and to his children, that we will be a great nation. We will be a great blessing to the nations. God will bless those that bless us and curse those who curse us. God promises to make us as numerous as the stars in the sky. This is just a glimpse of what God promised to Abraham and his children.
How I love to sing that old hymn:
There shall be showers of blessing: This is the promise of love;
If you go back and read God’s promise to Abraham in Genesis 12, you will discover just how glorious and wonderful God’s promises to His children really are.
God promises to Abraham, and to his children, that we will be a great nation. We will be a great blessing to the nations. God will bless those that bless us and curse those who curse us. God promises to make us as numerous as the stars in the sky. This is just a glimpse of what God promised to Abraham and his children.
How I love to sing that old hymn:
There shall be showers of blessing: This is the promise of love;
There shall be seasons refreshing, Sent from the Savior above.
Showers of blessing, Showers of blessing we
need;
Mercy-drops round us are falling, But for
the showers we plead.
God showers us with blessings! But, Paul puts a little bit of a twist on discussing the blessings to Abraham and his children of faith.
Notice that Paul makes a distinction between the plural word, “seeds,” and the singular word, “seed.” Sometimes, the singular word can be used as a “collective noun” with a plural sense. Sometimes, it is used in a singular form in the O.T. to refer specifically to Christ.
Paul is reminding us that of all the blessings we have received, are receiving, and will receive . . . the greatest blessing of all it a relationship with Jesus Christ! He is, in fact, the source of all other blessings temporal and eternal.
Second, Paul continues to explain the legal ramifications of the covenant of grace by describing the GUARANTEE for the promises God has made to those He has justified. We’ve already discussed the PERMANENCE of grace, but Paul explains it again:
17 And I say this: The law, which came 430 years later, does not revoke a covenant that was previously ratified by God and cancel the promise.
Abraham was given the promise BEFORE the Law and that promise was ratified by Christ when He died on the cross. When God makes a promise—that promise is guaranteed by both the Character and the Power of Almighty God.
If you hear nothing else today, at least mark this down: we can do nothing to GAIN our salvation and nothing can be done to cause us to LOSE our salvation!
God showers us with blessings! But, Paul puts a little bit of a twist on discussing the blessings to Abraham and his children of faith.
Notice that Paul makes a distinction between the plural word, “seeds,” and the singular word, “seed.” Sometimes, the singular word can be used as a “collective noun” with a plural sense. Sometimes, it is used in a singular form in the O.T. to refer specifically to Christ.
Paul is reminding us that of all the blessings we have received, are receiving, and will receive . . . the greatest blessing of all it a relationship with Jesus Christ! He is, in fact, the source of all other blessings temporal and eternal.
Second, Paul continues to explain the legal ramifications of the covenant of grace by describing the GUARANTEE for the promises God has made to those He has justified. We’ve already discussed the PERMANENCE of grace, but Paul explains it again:
17 And I say this: The law, which came 430 years later, does not revoke a covenant that was previously ratified by God and cancel the promise.
Abraham was given the promise BEFORE the Law and that promise was ratified by Christ when He died on the cross. When God makes a promise—that promise is guaranteed by both the Character and the Power of Almighty God.
If you hear nothing else today, at least mark this down: we can do nothing to GAIN our salvation and nothing can be done to cause us to LOSE our salvation!
Third, Paul puts a period at the end of
his discussion of the Logic and Legality of justification by grace alone
through faith alone by demonstrating that the GROUNDS for our salvation is
God’s promise, and God’s promise alone.
18 For if the inheritance is from the law, it is no longer from the promise; but God granted it to Abraham through the promise.
A promise is only as good as the person making it. A guarantee is only as good as the character of the one making the guarantee and the power of that person to perform what he promised.
Our justification—our salvation—is backed by the character and power of Almighty God.
18 For if the inheritance is from the law, it is no longer from the promise; but God granted it to Abraham through the promise.
A promise is only as good as the person making it. A guarantee is only as good as the character of the one making the guarantee and the power of that person to perform what he promised.
Our justification—our salvation—is backed by the character and power of Almighty God.
We have covered a lot of ground this morning in Paul’s well-constructed defense
of the doctrine of justification by grace alone through faith alone, apart from
living according to the Law.
His purpose is to show that the gospel of Jesus Christ, that is justification by grace alone through faith alone, rests on a solid, reasonable, and logical foundation.
The Judaizers were stuck in the mud of the Law which says, “Do, Do, Do.” They could not hear—or would not hear—the call of God to accept His offer of salvation based upon what Christ has already DONE.
This week, one of the greatest evangelists in the history of the church was laid to rest. Experts estimate Billy Graham preached to over 200,000 people in his lifetime. Billy always preached the same, simple message: God loves you and Christ did everything that needed to be done for a person to be saved.
Billy Graham was not the only great evangelist to preach this message—and thank God he won’t be the last. Another great evangelist, Dwight L. Moody, preached that same gospel on two continents over one hundred years ago. During one of his great evangelistic meetings a man approached him. This man had been in the revival services for the last couple weeks. It was the last night of the campaign and though the man had been convicted of his need for Christ, he had delayed in coming to Christ. Now, on the last night, after the altar call had finished, the chairs were being put up, the stage was being dismantled, and the crowd was leaving, the man made his way to Moody. The man had summoned his courage to come to Christ. He blurted out to Moody, “What must I do to be saved?” The great, rotund evangelist looked at the man and said, “I’m sorry, Sir. But you are too late!” The man was desperate and objected saying, “Too late, Mr. Moody? Surely I am not too late!” The evangelist continued, “Yes, sir. You are too late.” Then, the evangelist continued, “In fact, you are nearly two thousand years too late . . . if you want to DO something to be save. All the doing has been done. But, if you would like to accept Christ by faith as your personal Savior—then, you are right on time! You can do that right here, right now.”
Have you asked that question: “What must I do to be saved?” The answer is, “nothing.” it has already been done. That’s what the doctrine of justification by grace alone through faith alone teaches.
That’s the true gospel. A gospel resting on a solid, reasonable, and logical foundation.
His purpose is to show that the gospel of Jesus Christ, that is justification by grace alone through faith alone, rests on a solid, reasonable, and logical foundation.
The Judaizers were stuck in the mud of the Law which says, “Do, Do, Do.” They could not hear—or would not hear—the call of God to accept His offer of salvation based upon what Christ has already DONE.
This week, one of the greatest evangelists in the history of the church was laid to rest. Experts estimate Billy Graham preached to over 200,000 people in his lifetime. Billy always preached the same, simple message: God loves you and Christ did everything that needed to be done for a person to be saved.
Billy Graham was not the only great evangelist to preach this message—and thank God he won’t be the last. Another great evangelist, Dwight L. Moody, preached that same gospel on two continents over one hundred years ago. During one of his great evangelistic meetings a man approached him. This man had been in the revival services for the last couple weeks. It was the last night of the campaign and though the man had been convicted of his need for Christ, he had delayed in coming to Christ. Now, on the last night, after the altar call had finished, the chairs were being put up, the stage was being dismantled, and the crowd was leaving, the man made his way to Moody. The man had summoned his courage to come to Christ. He blurted out to Moody, “What must I do to be saved?” The great, rotund evangelist looked at the man and said, “I’m sorry, Sir. But you are too late!” The man was desperate and objected saying, “Too late, Mr. Moody? Surely I am not too late!” The evangelist continued, “Yes, sir. You are too late.” Then, the evangelist continued, “In fact, you are nearly two thousand years too late . . . if you want to DO something to be save. All the doing has been done. But, if you would like to accept Christ by faith as your personal Savior—then, you are right on time! You can do that right here, right now.”
Have you asked that question: “What must I do to be saved?” The answer is, “nothing.” it has already been done. That’s what the doctrine of justification by grace alone through faith alone teaches.
That’s the true gospel. A gospel resting on a solid, reasonable, and logical foundation.
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